Consuming a RESTful Web Service This guide walks you through the process of creating an application that consumes a RESTful web service. What You Will Build You will build an application that uses Spring’s RestTemplate to retrieve a random Spring Boot quotation at https://gturnquist-quoters.cfapps.io/api/random.

Integrating a web service into an application is a common scenario. This article demonstrates how to consume a RESTful web service from a Xamarin.Forms application.

Representational State Transfer (REST) is an architectural style for building web services. REST requests are made over HTTP using the same HTTP verbs that web browsers use to retrieve web pages and to send data to servers. The verbs are:

• GET – this operation is used to retrieve data from the web service.
• POST – this operation is used to create a new item of data on the web service.
• PUT – this operation is used to update an item of data on the web service.
• PATCH – this operation is used to update an item of data on the web service by describing a set of instructions about how the item should be modified. This verb is not used in the sample application.
• DELETE – this operation is used to delete an item of data on the web service.

Web service APIs that adhere to REST are called RESTful APIs, and are defined using:

• A base URI.
• HTTP methods, such as GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, or DELETE.
• A media type for the data, such as JavaScript Object Notation (JSON).

RESTful web services typically use JSON messages to return data to the client. JSON is a text-based to the value of the {controller} variable.

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The REST service uses basic authentication. For more information see Authenticating a RESTful web service. For more information about ASP.NET Web API routing, see Routing in ASP.NET Web API on the ASP.NET website. For more information about building the REST service using ASP.NET Core, see Creating Backend Services for Native Mobile Applications.

The HttpClient class is used to send and receive requests over HTTP. It provides functionality for sending HTTP requests and receiving HTTP responses from a URI identified resource. Each request is sent as an asynchronous operation. For more information about asynchronous operations, see Async Support Overview.

The HttpResponseMessage class represents an HTTP response message received from the web service after an HTTP request has been made. It contains information about the response, including the status code, headers, and any body. The HttpContent class represents the HTTP body and content headers, such as Content-Type and Content-Encoding. The content can be read using any of the ReadAs methods, such as ReadAsStringAsync and ReadAsByteArrayAsync, depending upon the format of the data.

Creating the HTTPClient Object

The HttpClient instance is declared at the class-level so that the object lives for as long as the application needs to make HTTP requests, as shown in the following code example:

Retrieving Data

The HttpClient.GetAsync method is used to send the GET request to the web service specified by the URI, and then receive the response from the web service, as shown in the following code example:

The REST service sends an HTTP status code in the HttpResponseMessage.IsSuccessStatusCode property, to indicate whether the HTTP request succeeded or failed. For this operation the REST service sends HTTP status code 200 (OK) in the response, which indicates that the request succeeded and that the requested information is in the response.

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If the HTTP operation was successful, the content of the response is read, for display. The HttpResponseMessage.Content property represents the content of the HTTP response, and the HttpContent.ReadAsStringAsync method asynchronously writes the HTTP content to a string. This content is then converted from JSON to a List of TodoItem instances.

Creating Data

The HttpClient.PostAsync method is used to send the POST request to the web service specified by the URI, and then to receive the response from the web service, as shown in the following code example:

The TodoItem instance is converted to a JSON payload for sending to the web service. This payload is then embedded in the body of the HTTP content that will be sent to the web service before the request is made with the PostAsync method.

The REST service sends an HTTP status code in the HttpResponseMessage.IsSuccessStatusCode property, to indicate whether the HTTP request succeeded or failed. The common responses for this operation are:

• 201 (CREATED) – the request resulted in a new resource being created before the response was sent.
• 400 (BAD REQUEST) – the request is not understood by the server.
• 409 (CONFLICT) – the request could not be carried out because of a conflict on the server.

Updating Data

The HttpClient.PutAsync method is used to send the PUT request to the web service specified by the URI, and then receive the response from the web service, as shown in the following code example:

The operation of the PutAsync method is identical to the PostAsync method that's used for creating data in the web service. However, the possible responses sent from the web service differ.

The REST service sends an HTTP status code in the HttpResponseMessage.IsSuccessStatusCode property, to indicate whether the HTTP request succeeded or failed. The common responses for this operation are:

• 204 (NO CONTENT) – the request has been successfully processed and the response is intentionally blank.
• 400 (BAD REQUEST) – the request is not understood by the server.
• 404 (NOT FOUND) – the requested resource does not exist on the server.

Deleting Data

The HttpClient.DeleteAsync method is used to send the DELETE request to the web service specified by the URI, and then receive the response from the web service, as shown in the following code example:

The REST service sends an HTTP status code in the HttpResponseMessage.IsSuccessStatusCode property, to indicate whether the HTTP request succeeded or failed. The common responses for this operation are:

• 204 (NO CONTENT) – the request has been successfully processed and the response is intentionally blank.
• 400 (BAD REQUEST) – the request is not understood by the server.
• 404 (NOT FOUND) – the requested resource does not exist on the server.

Related Links

Integrating a web service into an application is a common scenario. This article demonstrates how to consume a RESTful web service from a Xamarin.Forms application.

Representational State Transfer (REST) is an architectural style for building web services. REST requests are made over HTTP using the same HTTP verbs that web browsers use to retrieve web pages and to send data to servers. The verbs are:

• GET – this operation is used to retrieve data from the web service.
• POST – this operation is used to create a new item of data on the web service.
• PUT – this operation is used to update an item of data on the web service.
• PATCH – this operation is used to update an item of data on the web service by describing a set of instructions about how the item should be modified. This verb is not used in the sample application.
• DELETE – this operation is used to delete an item of data on the web service.

Web service APIs that adhere to REST are called RESTful APIs, and are defined using:

• A base URI.
• HTTP methods, such as GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, or DELETE.
• A media type for the data, such as JavaScript Object Notation (JSON).

RESTful web services typically use JSON messages to return data to the client. JSON is a text-based to the value of the {controller} variable.

The REST service uses basic authentication. For more information see Authenticating a RESTful web service. For more information about ASP.NET Web API routing, see Routing in ASP.NET Web API on the ASP.NET website. For more information about building the REST service using ASP.NET Core, see Creating Backend Services for Native Mobile Applications.

The HttpClient class is used to send and receive requests over HTTP. It provides functionality for sending HTTP requests and receiving HTTP responses from a URI identified resource. Each request is sent as an asynchronous operation. For more information about asynchronous operations, see Async Support Overview.

The HttpResponseMessage class represents an HTTP response message received from the web service after an HTTP request has been made. It contains information about the response, including the status code, headers, and any body. The HttpContent class represents the HTTP body and content headers, such as Content-Type and Content-Encoding. The content can be read using any of the ReadAs methods, such as ReadAsStringAsync and ReadAsByteArrayAsync, depending upon the format of the data.

Creating the HTTPClient Object

The HttpClient instance is declared at the class-level so that the object lives for as long as the application needs to make HTTP requests, as shown in the following code example:

Retrieving Data

The HttpClient.GetAsync method is used to send the GET request to the web service specified by the URI, and then receive the response from the web service, as shown in the following code example:

The REST service sends an HTTP status code in the HttpResponseMessage.IsSuccessStatusCode property, to indicate whether the HTTP request succeeded or failed. For this operation the REST service sends HTTP status code 200 (OK) in the response, which indicates that the request succeeded and that the requested information is in the response.

If the HTTP operation was successful, the content of the response is read, for display. The HttpResponseMessage.Content property represents the content of the HTTP response, and the HttpContent.ReadAsStringAsync method asynchronously writes the HTTP content to a string. This content is then converted from JSON to a List of TodoItem instances.

Creating Data

The HttpClient.PostAsync method is used to send the POST request to the web service specified by the URI, and then to receive the response from the web service, as shown in the following code example:

The TodoItem instance is converted to a JSON payload for sending to the web service. This payload is then embedded in the body of the HTTP content that will be sent to the web service before the request is made with the PostAsync method.

The REST service sends an HTTP status code in the HttpResponseMessage.IsSuccessStatusCode property, to indicate whether the HTTP request succeeded or failed. The common responses for this operation are:

• 201 (CREATED) – the request resulted in a new resource being created before the response was sent.
• 400 (BAD REQUEST) – the request is not understood by the server.
• 409 (CONFLICT) – the request could not be carried out because of a conflict on the server.

Updating Data

The HttpClient.PutAsync method is used to send the PUT request to the web service specified by the URI, and then receive the response from the web service, as shown in the following code example:

The operation of the PutAsync method is identical to the PostAsync method that's used for creating data in the web service. However, the possible responses sent from the web service differ.

The REST service sends an HTTP status code in the HttpResponseMessage.IsSuccessStatusCode property, to indicate whether the HTTP request succeeded or failed. The common responses for this operation are:

• 204 (NO CONTENT) – the request has been successfully processed and the response is intentionally blank.
• 400 (BAD REQUEST) – the request is not understood by the server.
• 404 (NOT FOUND) – the requested resource does not exist on the server.

Deleting Data

The HttpClient.DeleteAsync method is used to send the DELETE request to the web service specified by the URI, and then receive the response from the web service, as shown in the following code example:

The REST service sends an HTTP status code in the HttpResponseMessage.IsSuccessStatusCode property, to indicate whether the HTTP request succeeded or failed. The common responses for this operation are:

• 204 (NO CONTENT) – the request has been successfully processed and the response is intentionally blank.
• 400 (BAD REQUEST) – the request is not understood by the server.
• 404 (NOT FOUND) – the requested resource does not exist on the server.

Related Links